Dhaka Skyline
Dhaka Skyline

Current Amount of Skyscrapers: 20

Evil Paradises

Dhaka city has gradually transformed Dhaka North into an evil paradise, determined to remove all forms of vernacular architecture. Instead of solving the poverty crisis, created during the period of neoliberal restructures, Dhaka is primarily focused on creating highend shopping facilities, garment industries; offices needed for governmental organizations, NGO’s and private activities. Naomi Hossain and Mick Moore both discuss how the elite neglect these transformations in “Elite persecutions of Poverty Bangladesh”. “Unlike in South Africa, it is difficult for Bangladeshi elites to avoid seeing poverty by not looking for it…even in the elite residential areas of Dhaka, the poor are on the streets by day and camping out by night” (Hossain & Moore, 1999). Yet, those who have the power to influence social change refuse to do so.         

Mike Davis & Daniel Monk

Mike Davis and Daniel Bertrand Monk’s main purpose in Evil Paradises, Dreamworlds of Neoliberalism is to highlight the injustices made in order to construct fantasy living. The term evil paradise is described by both authors as a “dreamworld” (skyscrapers’, shopping malls, gated communities and other forms of privileged privatization) controlled by unethical violent capitalists who transform affluence into power over the city. Neoliberal strategies have increased social inequality and exclusion based on the massive redistribution of wealth given to elites. In counterpoint, marginalized communities continuously encounter seizures of their labour rights, homes, jobs, schools and sheer sanity. National wealth is now driven into the creations of elaborate destinations such as Dubai, Las Vegas, and Beijing; luring couture fashion brands, starchitecture, high-profile vehicle companies and luxurious residential chains (such as those belonging to Donald Trump and Paris Hilton) to enhance the illusion of paradise. Still, the chapters argue, the nouveau riches gradually build an unsustainable world.


Youth Subculture

Ilias Kamal Risat investigates the worldwide shifts in both cultural and political-economic activities since the 1970s that has affected the Global South like Bangladesh. In “Postmodernism and the production of new space in Dhaka City”, “The author also discusses the history of global capitalism in Bangladesh, and the importance of their independence gained in 1971. More importantly, he highlights the significance of Dhaka’s young generation, as they are the epitome of the cities globalized world system. Risat describes the vast variety of young social groups that impact this system. Some are students who migrate to USA, Canada, European countries, and Australia to obtain an education because they believe Bangladesh is not the right place for them. Others spend their days shopping and wearing the latest style or what Risat called the “hippie look”. There are even a few high-ranking gay members who organized a club called 'Boys of Bangladesh'. “Technology, fashion, food, life style, leisure time-everything is relevant to the shifting of new time-space compression…this time-space compression has contributed to break the earlier geographical physical barriers and made globalization possible” (2014).


Neoliberalism

Sazzad Hossain Khan’s study on “Neoliberal urbanism and privatization of space: A study of urban redevelopment in Dhaka city”, demonstrates the connection between neoliberalism and privatization. He discusses both the theory of neoliberalism according to David Harvey and the neoliberal agenda Dhaka has now implemented; creating skyscrapers, shopping malls, and elegant restaurants. As a result, slum dwellers are segregated from the central city to make it look beautiful and lucrative. "Besides, joining with international business world, being a member of World Bank (WB), International Monetary Fund (IMF) and signing on their policies like Structural Adjustment Programs (SAPs) has led to the change in underlying pattern of the country… It is mainly the project of neoliberalism implemented through these WB and IMF to promote the establishment and flourish of private corporations” (2015). Due to the pressure made by these institutions, the rural displaced poor are forced to migrate to Dhaka City.  

Jamuna Future Park is the largest shopping mall in South Asia (claimed by Jamuna Future Park authorities), located in Dhaka, Bangladesh. This is also the 12th largest shopping mall in the world with a gross leasable area of 4.1 million sq ft and total area of 5.45 million sq ft. JFP is not only a place for shopping but it is also a space for a children’s theme park, a gymnasium, a health club, and two separate swimming pools for men and women.

Segregation - Dhaka City
Segregation - Dhaka City

Gated Community

Rupayan City Uttara, is the first ever mega gated community in Bangladesh. The community is 54 acres, comprising state of the art facilities that identify with the highest standards maintained by the best gated communities worldwide. "Besides containing apartments, villas, penthouses, shopping malls, schools and office spaces, it also has an abundance of open spaces and playgrounds for children along with other facilities integral for a modern urban citizen in a residential area" (Dhaka Tribune, 2016). 

Twitter : @R_C_Uttara
Twitter : @R_C_Uttara